Geek asks and answers

Effectively calculate the mean and standard deviation from the frequency table

Suppose I have the following frequency table.

> print(dat)
V1    V2
1  1 11613
2  2  6517
3  3  2442
4  4   687
5  5   159
6  6    29

# V1 = Score
# V2 = Frequency

How can I effectively calculate the mean and standard deviation? Output: SD = 0.87 MEAN = 1.66. Frequency estimate replication takes too long to calculate.

+6
source share
4 answers

The average is easy. SD is a bit more complicated (can't just use fastmean () again, because the denominator has n-1.

> dat <- data.frame(freq=seq(6),value=runif(6)*100)
> fastmean <- function(dat) {
+   with(dat, sum(freq*value)/sum(freq) )
+ }
> fastmean(dat)
[1] 55.78302
> 
> fastRMSE <- function(dat) {
+   mu <- fastmean(dat)
+   with(dat, sqrt(sum(freq*(value-mu)^2)/(sum(freq)-1) ) )
+ }
> fastRMSE(dat)
[1] 34.9316
> 
> # To test
> expanded <- with(dat, rep(value,freq) )
> mean(expanded)
[1] 55.78302
> sd(expanded)
[1] 34.9316

Note that fastRMSEcalculates twice sum(freq). Eliminating this is likely to lead to another slight speedup.

Benchmarking

> microbenchmark(
+   fastmean(dat),
+   mean( with(dat, rep(value,freq) ) )
+   )
Unit: microseconds
                               expr    min      lq median     uq    max
1                     fastmean(dat) 12.433 13.5335 14.776 15.398 23.921
2 mean(with(dat, rep(value, freq))) 21.225 22.3990 22.714 23.406 86.434
> dat <- data.frame(freq=seq(60),value=runif(60)*100)
> 
> dat <- data.frame(freq=seq(60),value=runif(60)*100)
> microbenchmark(
+   fastmean(dat),
+   mean( with(dat, rep(value,freq) ) )
+   )
Unit: microseconds
                               expr    min     lq  median      uq     max
1                     fastmean(dat) 13.177 14.544 15.8860 17.2905  54.983
2 mean(with(dat, rep(value, freq))) 42.610 48.659 49.8615 50.6385 151.053
> dat <- data.frame(freq=seq(600),value=runif(600)*100)
> microbenchmark(
+   fastmean(dat),
+   mean( with(dat, rep(value,freq) ) )
+   )
Unit: microseconds
                               expr      min       lq    median       uq       max
1                     fastmean(dat)   15.706   17.489   25.8825   29.615    79.113
2 mean(with(dat, rep(value, freq))) 1827.146 2283.551 2534.7210 2884.933 26196.923

The replication solution is represented by O (N ^ 2) in the number of entries.

Replicating solution

fastmean, -, 12 , .

Comparison with dot product.

dat <- data.frame(freq=seq(600),value=runif(600)*100)
dbaupp <- function(dat) {
  total.count <- sum(dat$freq)
  as.vector(dat$freq %*% dat$value) / total.count
}
microbenchmark(
  fastmean(dat),
  mean( with(dat, rep(value,freq) ) ),
  dbaupp(dat)
)

Unit: microseconds
                               expr     min       lq   median       uq       max
1                       dbaupp(dat)  20.162  21.6875  25.6010  31.3475   104.054
2                     fastmean(dat)  14.680  16.7885  20.7490  25.1765    94.423
3 mean(with(dat, rep(value, freq))) 489.434 503.6310 514.3525 583.2790 30130.302
+7

:

> m = sum(dat$V1 * dat$V2) / sum(dat$V2)
> m
[1] 1.664102
> sigma = sqrt(sum((dat$V1 - m)**2 * dat$V2) / (sum(dat$V2)-1))
> sigma
[1] 0.8712242

.

+6

, R ( ) , , , , sum(V1 * V2). (: , : @gsk3- 1,5-2 .)

( ) sum(n * freq(n)) / total.count, n - "", freq(n) - n (total.count - sum(freq(n))). - dot product .

The point product in R is equal %*%(it returns a matrix, but in most cases this can be considered in a vector):

> total.count <- sum(dat$V2)
> mean <- dat$V1 %*% dat$V2 / total.count
> mean
         [,1]
[1,] 1.664102

SD

The following is the formula at the end of this section of the Wikipedia article , which translates to the following code

> sqrt(dat$V1^2 %*% dat$V2 / total.count - mean^2)
          [,1]
[1,] 0.8712039
+5
source

Something may be missing for me, but it works very fast, even replacing millions in the frequency column:

dset <- data.frame(V1=1:6,V2=c(11613,6517,2442,687,159,29))
mean(rep(dset$V1,dset$V2))
#[1] 1.664102
sd(rep(dset$V1,dset$V2))
#[1] 0.8712242
+4
source

More articles:


All Articles