Why are automated GUI tools so fragile?

After about a year and a half, I work with SilkTest, which is a GUI automation tool for both desktop and web applications. It simulates mouse and keyboard inputs that ultimately model end-user behavior. However, I find it to peel off a bit; Calling the Button.Click () or DialogBox.Close () method, which works very well 9 times in a row, seems unsuccessful on the 10th call, only to get back to work on the 11th. Normally, I would just do it using the SilkTest application (or the application under the test or the operating system or whatever you have), but then I see that there are similar problems with other GUI automation tools such as Selenium:

Selenium Click () error with anchor elements

Selenium Click () cannot click button object

I know that for desktop applications, each control / GUI dialog has a tag element associated with it (at least in Windows GUIs), and for web pages there is a hierarchy of elements of the page element domain model. I assume that these tools sometimes run into problems navigating through these hierarchies and finding unique elements and controls. But what is going on here? SilkTest is a relatively old commercial software package, while selenium is relatively new, open source and constantly evolving. The fact that both of them can have similar problems causes me a couple of flags.

Also, is this the case with other GUI testing tools? Or did I just have an unusual experience?

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There are two things that you are talking about here, first the concept of finding an object in a test application that you want to automate. Your description of how SilkTest (and other tools) makes this fairly accurate, i.e. As long as the automation software can use to identify the control, then you're fine.

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