I just cover PS-> PDF conversion ... (I assume that your phrase doesn’t mean that the conversion is “back and forth” of the same file [PDF-> PS-> PDF], but the general direction of conversion is for any PS file. Right?)
, , ps2pdf - shellscript, Ghostscript . ps2pdf . Ghostscript , . ps2pdf , , Ghostscript. ( ps2pdf - , Ghostscript ...)
-, , PS , : PS , ? ? .
-, Ghostscript , , PDF. , Ghostscript ? (, ps2pdf Ghostscript, gs.)
PDF ( ), PDF. PDF ? ( pdffonts your.pdf, - pdffonts Poppler utils.)
() Ghostscript PS- > PDF , :
gs \
-o output.pdf \
-sDEVICE=pdfwrite \
-dPDFSETTINGS=/prepress \
-dHaveTrueTypes=true \
-dEmbedAllFonts=true \
-dSubsetFonts=false \
-c ".setpdfwrite <</NeverEmbed [ ]>> setdistillerparams" \
-f input.ps