Yes. But the host node must be open for this. When opening, I mean that the node of the node must have a header Service-Componentsconfigured in such a way that all the descriptors in the fragment are found. For instance:
Service-Components: OSGI-INF/*.xml
will find all .xmlfiles in the OSGi-INF/host folder for all attached fragments.
I saw that the Eclipse SmartHome project uses this solution to make its interface more customizable.
: http://apache-felix.18485.x6.nabble.com/DS-amp-fragments-td5004610.html