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Matlab / Octave / Numpy Numerical Difference

I port the algorithm that works in Matlab to numpy and have observed strange behavior. Corresponding code segment

P = eye(4)*1e20;
A = [1 -0.015 -0.025 -0.035; 0.015 1 0.035 -0.025; 0.025 -0.035 1 0.015; 0.035 0.025 -0.015 1];
V1 = A*(P*A')
V2 = (A*P)*A'

This code, when I run with Matlab, provides the following matrices:

V1 = 1.0021e+20            0  -8.0000e+00            0
              0   1.0021e+20            0            0
    -8.0000e+00            0   1.0021e+20            0
              0            0            0   1.0021e+20


V2 = 1.0021e+20            0  -8.0000e+00            0
              0   1.0021e+20            0            0
    -8.0000e+00            0   1.0021e+20            0
              0            0            0   1.0021e+20

Note that V1 and V2 are the same as expected.

When the same code runs on Octave, it provides:

V1 = 1.0021e+20   4.6172e+01  -1.3800e+02   1.8250e+02
    -4.6172e+01   1.0021e+20  -1.8258e+02  -1.3800e+02
     1.3801e+02   1.8239e+02   1.0021e+20  -4.6125e+01
    -1.8250e+02   1.3800e+02   4.6125e+01   1.0021e+20

V2 = 1.0021e+20  -4.6172e+01   1.3801e+02  -1.8250e+02
     4.6172e+01   1.0021e+20   1.8239e+02   1.3800e+02
    -1.3800e+02  -1.8258e+02   1.0021e+20   4.6125e+01
     1.8250e+02  -1.3800e+02  -4.6125e+01   1.0021e+20

In numpy segment becomes

from numpy import array, dot, eye
A = numpy.array([[1, -0.015, -0.025, -0.035],[0.015, 1, 0.035, -0.025],[0.025, -0.035, 1, 0.015],[0.035, 0.025, -0.015, 1]])
P = numpy.eye(4)*1e20
print numpy.dot(A,numpy.dot(P,A.transpose()))
print numpy.dot(numpy.dot(A,P),A.transpose())

which outputs

[[  1.00207500e+20   4.61718750e+01  -1.37996094e+02   1.82500000e+02]
 [ -4.61718750e+01   1.00207500e+20  -1.82582031e+02  -1.38000000e+02]
 [  1.38011719e+02   1.82386719e+02   1.00207500e+20  -4.61250000e+01]
 [ -1.82500000e+02   1.38000000e+02   4.61250000e+01   1.00207500e+20]]
[[  1.00207500e+20  -4.61718750e+01   1.38011719e+02  -1.82500000e+02]
 [  4.61718750e+01   1.00207500e+20   1.82386719e+02   1.38000000e+02]
 [ -1.37996094e+02  -1.82582031e+02   1.00207500e+20   4.61250000e+01]
 [  1.82500000e+02  -1.38000000e+02  -4.61250000e+01   1.00207500e+20]]

So both Octave and numpy give the same answer, but it is very different from Matlab. The first point is that V1! = V2, which seems wrong. Another thing is that although the off-diagonal elements are many orders of magnitude smaller than the diagonal ones, this, apparently, causes some problem in my algorithm.

Does anyone know how numpy and Octave behave this way?

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, 15 . , , , .

: http://floating-point-gui.de/

: docs , Numpy . , SymPy, - .

+6

, matlab 64- :

[[  1.00207500e+20   0.00000000e+00  -8.00000000e+00   0.00000000e+00]
 [  0.00000000e+00   1.00207500e+20   0.00000000e+00   0.00000000e+00]
 [ -8.00000000e+00   0.00000000e+00   1.00207500e+20   0.00000000e+00]
 [  0.00000000e+00   0.00000000e+00   0.00000000e+00   1.00207500e+20]]
[[  1.00207500e+20   0.00000000e+00  -8.00000000e+00   0.00000000e+00]
 [  0.00000000e+00   1.00207500e+20   0.00000000e+00   0.00000000e+00]
 [ -8.00000000e+00   0.00000000e+00   1.00207500e+20   0.00000000e+00]
 [  0.00000000e+00   0.00000000e+00   0.00000000e+00   1.00207500e+20]]
[[  1.00207500e+20   0.00000000e+00  -8.00000000e+00   0.00000000e+00]

32- ( 32- python numpy, 64- ), , by @Lucero . 64- ( , ). , np.array(..., dtype=np.float64).

, , np.longdouble ( , np.float128 64- np.float96 32- ), , .

, BLAS ? numpy , , , BLAS.

, numpy :

import numpy as np
A = np.array([[1,     -0.015, -0.025, -0.035],
              [0.015, 1,      0.035,  -0.025],
              [0.025, -0.035, 1,      0.015],
              [0.035, 0.025,  -0.015, 1]])
P = np.eye(4)*1e20
print A.dot(P.dot(A.T))
print A.dot(P).dot(A.T)
+3

np.einsum MATLAB

In [1299]: print(np.einsum('ij,jk,lk',A,P,A))
[[  1.00207500e+20   0.00000000e+00  -5.07812500e-02   0.00000000e+00]
 [  0.00000000e+00   1.00207500e+20   5.46875000e-02   0.00000000e+00]
 [ -5.46875000e-02   5.46875000e-02   1.00207500e+20   0.00000000e+00]
 [  0.00000000e+00   0.00000000e+00   0.00000000e+00   1.00207500e+20]]

2 , 0s .

P.dot(A.T) . dot. einsum . , MATLAB , .

U * B * U.T - .

0

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