I want to have time for a working solution, but you can start with something like:
import cairo
import pango
import pangocairo
import sys
W = 500
H = int(1.4 * W)
surf = cairo.ImageSurface(cairo.FORMAT_ARGB32, W, H)
context = cairo.Context(surf)
context.rectangle(0, 0, W, H)
context.set_source_rgb(1, 1, 1)
context.fill()
font_map = pangocairo.cairo_font_map_get_default()
families = font_map.list_families()
text = """Fit line
to width with
Pango
and Cairo"""
fontname = "Arial"
context.set_source_rgb(0, 0, 0)
y = 0
for line in text.split("\n"):
pangocairo_context = pangocairo.CairoContext(context)
pangocairo_context.set_antialias(cairo.ANTIALIAS_SUBPIXEL)
layout = pangocairo_context.create_layout()
font = pango.FontDescription(fontname + " 25")
layout.set_font_description(font)
layout.set_text(line)
pangocairo_context.update_layout(layout)
w, h = layout.get_pixel_size()
print w, h, y
context.translate(0, y)
pangocairo_context = pangocairo.CairoContext(context)
pangocairo_context.set_antialias(cairo.ANTIALIAS_SUBPIXEL)
layout = pangocairo_context.create_layout()
font_descr = "{} {:0.1f}".format(fontname, float(W) / w * 25)
font = pango.FontDescription(font_descr)
layout.set_font_description(font)
layout.set_text(line)
_, y = layout.get_pixel_size()
pangocairo_context.update_layout(layout)
pangocairo_context.show_layout(layout)
with open("cairo_text.png", "wb") as image_file:
surf.write_to_png(image_file)
Result:

I will continue to improve this algorithm as an exercise for the reader, you can try:
- check layout width after font scaling and settings
- render large font size and scale
pangocairo_contextinstead - I do not know, in fact, I did not know anything about
pycairountil I read your question and looked at the documents.