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Select elements from a numpy array based on values ​​in another array that is not an index array

Suppose I have the following two arrays:

a = array([(1, 'L', 74.423088306605), (5, 'H', 128.05441039929008),
       (2, 'L', 68.0581377353869), (0, 'H', 88.15726964130869), 
       (4, 'L', 97.4501582588212), (3, 'H', 92.98550136344437),
       (7, 'L', 87.75945631669309), (6, 'L', 90.43196739694255),
       (8, 'H', 111.13662092749307), (15, 'H', 91.44444608631304),
       (10, 'L', 85.43615908319185), (11, 'L', 78.11685661303494),
       (13, 'H', 108.2841293816308), (17, 'L', 74.43917911042259),
       (14, 'H', 64.41057325770373), (9, 'L', 27.407214746467943),
       (16, 'H', 81.50506434964355), (12, 'H', 97.79700070323196),
       (19, 'L', 51.139258140713025), (18, 'H', 118.34835768605957)], 
      dtype=[('id', '<i4'), ('name', 'S1'), ('value', '<f8')])

b = array([ 0,  3,  5,  8, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 18], dtype=int32)

I want to select the elements from afor which idis specified in b. That is, bit is not an array of indices. It contains idsobservations. How can i do this in numpy?

Thanks for the help.

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3 answers

you should get what you want with this

indeces = [i for i,id in enumerate(a['id']) if id in b]
suba = a[indeces]
print(suba)
>>>array([(5, 'H', 128.05441039929008), (0, 'H', 88.15726964130869),
   (3, 'H', 92.98550136344437), (8, 'H', 111.13662092749307),
   (15, 'H', 91.44444608631304), (13, 'H', 108.2841293816308),
   (14, 'H', 64.41057325770373), (16, 'H', 81.50506434964355),
   (12, 'H', 97.79700070323196), (18, 'H', 118.34835768605957)], 
  dtype=[('id', '<i4'), ('name', '|S1'), ('value', '<f8')])
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The following steps are several times faster than Francesco's approach for your pattern array:

In [7]: a[np.argmax(a['id'][None, :] == b[:, None], axis=1)]
Out[7]: 
array([(0, 'H', 88.15726964130869), (3, 'H', 92.98550136344437),
       (5, 'H', 128.05441039929008), (8, 'H', 111.13662092749307),
       (12, 'H', 97.79700070323196), (13, 'H', 108.2841293816308),
       (14, 'H', 64.41057325770373), (15, 'H', 91.44444608631304),
       (16, 'H', 81.50506434964355), (18, 'H', 118.34835768605957)], 
      dtype=[('id', '<i4'), ('name', '|S1'), ('value', '<f8')])

In [8]: %timeit a[np.argmax(a['id'][None, :] == b[:, None], axis=1)]
100000 loops, best of 3: 11.6 us per loop

In [9]: %timeit indices = [i for i,id in enumerate(a['id']) if id in b]; a[indices]
10000 loops, best of 3: 66.9 us per loop

To understand how this works, take a look at this:

In [10]: a['id'][None, :] == b[:, None]
Out[10]: 
array([[False, False, False,  True, False, False, False, False, False,
        False, False, False, False, False, False, False, False, False,
        False, False],
    ... # several rows removed 
    [False, False, False, False, False, False, False, False, False,
        False, False, False, False, False, False, False, False, False,
        False,  True]], dtype=bool)

b , a. np.argmax True , b a['id'].

, python. a b , bool . , np.argmax , , , a . , , .

Francesco , , , . this...

+4
sorted = numpy.sort(a)
sorted[b]
 array([(0, 'H', 88.15726964130869), (3, 'H', 92.98550136344437),
   (5, 'H', 128.05441039929008), (8, 'H', 111.13662092749307),
   (12, 'H', 97.79700070323196), (13, 'H', 108.2841293816308),
   (14, 'H', 64.41057325770373), (15, 'H', 91.44444608631304),
   (16, 'H', 81.50506434964355), (18, 'H', 118.34835768605957)], 
  dtype=[('id', '<i4'), ('name', '|S1'), ('value', '<f8')])

So far, the array has as many rows as there are.

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