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The line intersects the rectangle - how to find the intersection points?

I draw a rectangle on the canvas and a line from the center of the rectangle to some random point in the coordinate space.

Now I want to trim the line with the length inside the rectangle, so the line starts at the edge of the rectangle.

How can i do this?

Example

  • The rectangle can be defined by two points: Pstart(1, 3),Pend(3, 1)
  • The center point can be calculated as follows: P(2, 2)
  • Now draw a line from P(2, 2)to Q(10, 2).

As I know, the width of the rectangle is 2, I can say that the line starts with P(4, 2)instead P(2, 2).

This becomes more complicated if the point is not parallel to one of the XY axis. In addition, the length inside the rectangle will be different for diagonal lines.

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import java.awt.BorderLayout;
import java.awt.Color;
import java.awt.Dimension;
import java.awt.EventQueue;
import java.awt.Graphics;
import java.awt.Graphics2D;
import java.awt.Point;
import java.awt.geom.Ellipse2D;
import java.awt.geom.Line2D;
import java.awt.geom.Point2D;
import java.awt.geom.Rectangle2D;
import javax.swing.JFrame;
import javax.swing.JPanel;
import javax.swing.UIManager;
import javax.swing.UnsupportedLookAndFeelException;

public class IntersectPoint {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new IntersectPoint();
    }

    public IntersectPoint() {
        EventQueue.invokeLater(new Runnable() {
            @Override
            public void run() {
                try {
                    UIManager.setLookAndFeel(UIManager.getSystemLookAndFeelClassName());
                } catch (ClassNotFoundException | InstantiationException | IllegalAccessException | UnsupportedLookAndFeelException ex) {
                }

                JFrame frame = new JFrame("Testing");
                frame.setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
                frame.setLayout(new BorderLayout());
                frame.add(new TestPane());
                frame.pack();
                frame.setLocationRelativeTo(null);
                frame.setVisible(true);
            }
        });
    }

    public class TestPane extends JPanel {

        @Override
        public Dimension getPreferredSize() {
            return new Dimension(200, 200);
        }

        @Override
        protected void paintComponent(Graphics g) {
            super.paintComponent(g);

            int x = (int) (getWidth() * 0.2f);
            int y = (int) (getHeight() * 0.2f);
            int width = (int) (getWidth() * 0.6f);
            int height = (int) (getHeight() * 0.6f);

            int x1 = x;
            int y1 = 0;
            int x2 = x + width;
            int y2 = getHeight();

            Line2D line = new Line2D.Double(x1, y1, x2, y2);
            Rectangle2D rect = new Rectangle2D.Double(x, y, width, height);

            Graphics2D g2d = (Graphics2D) g.create();
            g2d.draw(rect);
            g2d.draw(line);

            g2d.setColor(Color.RED);
            Point2D[] ps = getIntersectionPoint(line, rect);
            for (Point2D p : ps) {
                if (p != null) {
                    g2d.fill(new Ellipse2D.Double(p.getX() - 4, p.getY() - 4, 8, 8));
                }
            }
            g2d.dispose();

        }

        public Point2D[] getIntersectionPoint(Line2D line, Rectangle2D rectangle) {

            Point2D[] p = new Point2D[4];

            // Top line
            p[0] = getIntersectionPoint(line,
                            new Line2D.Double(
                            rectangle.getX(),
                            rectangle.getY(),
                            rectangle.getX() + rectangle.getWidth(),
                            rectangle.getY()));
            // Bottom line
            p[1] = getIntersectionPoint(line,
                            new Line2D.Double(
                            rectangle.getX(),
                            rectangle.getY() + rectangle.getHeight(),
                            rectangle.getX() + rectangle.getWidth(),
                            rectangle.getY() + rectangle.getHeight()));
            // Left side...
            p[2] = getIntersectionPoint(line,
                            new Line2D.Double(
                            rectangle.getX(),
                            rectangle.getY(),
                            rectangle.getX(),
                            rectangle.getY() + rectangle.getHeight()));
            // Right side
            p[3] = getIntersectionPoint(line,
                            new Line2D.Double(
                            rectangle.getX() + rectangle.getWidth(),
                            rectangle.getY(),
                            rectangle.getX() + rectangle.getWidth(),
                            rectangle.getY() + rectangle.getHeight()));

            return p;

        }

        public Point2D getIntersectionPoint(Line2D lineA, Line2D lineB) {

            double x1 = lineA.getX1();
            double y1 = lineA.getY1();
            double x2 = lineA.getX2();
            double y2 = lineA.getY2();

            double x3 = lineB.getX1();
            double y3 = lineB.getY1();
            double x4 = lineB.getX2();
            double y4 = lineB.getY2();

            Point2D p = null;

            double d = (x1 - x2) * (y3 - y4) - (y1 - y2) * (x3 - x4);
            if (d != 0) {
                double xi = ((x3 - x4) * (x1 * y2 - y1 * x2) - (x1 - x2) * (x3 * y4 - y3 * x4)) / d;
                double yi = ((y3 - y4) * (x1 * y2 - y1 * x2) - (y1 - y2) * (x3 * y4 - y3 * x4)) / d;

                p = new Point2D.Double(xi, yi);

            }
            return p;
        }
    }
}
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