Core Data predicates with "NOT ANY" do not work (this seems to be a Core Data error). In fact
[NSPredicate predicateWithFormat:@"NOT(ANY couponOwners.userId = %@)", @"4"];
returns the same result set as
[NSPredicate predicateWithFormat:@"ANY couponOwners.userId != %@", @"4"];
, , . SUBQUERY:
[NSPredicate predicateWithFormat:@"SUBQUERY(couponOwners, $c, $c.userId == %@).@count == 0", @"4"]