OK, do you really want it only in bash? Mission accomplished.
cat > input.csv
a,b,c
d,e,f
g,h,i
echo "<table>" ; while read INPUT ; do echo "<tr><td>${INPUT//,/</td><td>}</td></tr>" ; done < input.csv ; echo "</table>"
<table>
<tr><td>a</td><td>b</td><td>c</td></tr>
<tr><td>d</td><td>e</td><td>f</td></tr>
<tr><td>g</td><td>h</td><td>i</td></tr>
</table>
My first attempt used a "cat", but I thought it was a hoax, so I rewrote it using "while read"