Heuristic
, , - , 15Puzzle .
(Skiena 1990, . 29, Knuth 1998).
, , . , . , 80 .
:

0 16 {1, 2, 6, 24, 120, 720, 5040, 40320, 362880, 3628800, 39916800, 479001600, 6227020800, 87178291200, 1307674368000, 20922789888000}. , WolframAlpha [ 1,20]!
, : 15Puzzle.