Mutli-core is a kind of parallel programming. In particular, it is a kind of MIMD , where the processing units are not distributed, but share a common memory area and data can be shared, such as installing MISD, if necessary. I believe that this is often related to multiprocessing, since a multi-core installation can share some level of caches and, thus, interact more efficiently than processors on different cores.
General concurrent programming will also include SIMD systems (such as your GPU) and distributed systems.