A common reason for calling by reference (or pointers) in other languages is to persist in space - but PHP is smart enough to implement copy-on-write for arguments declared to be passed by value (copies). There are also some hidden semantic oddities - although PHP5 introduced the practice of always passing objects by reference, array values are always stored as links, call_user_func () always calls by value - never by reference (because it is itself a function - not a construct).
But this is complementary to the original question asked.
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