You can NAT all traffic destined for port 80 for the proxy machine. This is the so-called forced or interceptor .
For example, if you have a RouterOS router, you simply add a rule
/ip firewall nat add action=dst-nat chain=dstnat disabled=no dst-port=80 protocol=tcp to-addresses=<proxy IP address>
If you proxy other protocols besides HTTP, you will do the same for them by changing the port.
Many proxy solutions can work in interception mode (for example, you have a machine with two network interfaces that filter all traffic that passes). See this tutorial for customization using Squid.
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